Pharmacology revision checklist for NEET PG, INI-CET & FMGE

Muscarinic actions and methacholine receptor target

Cholinomimetic uses and the COPD retention trap

Pharmacogenetic versus non-genetic adverse reactions

Drug-induced nail pigmentation and hyperthermia triggers

Odour-based identification of ingested poison

Low Vd means plasma confinement, not tissue binding

Large Vd signals deep-tissue sequestration

Oral bioavailability as AUC-oral over AUC-IV

Routes that escape hepatic first-pass metabolism

Plasma curve and AUC drug-interaction reading

Phase I first-in-human safety and dose finding

Phase III comparative efficacy and Phase IV surveillance

Multicentre RCT design and evidence hierarchy

Potency and efficacy read from a graded dose-response graph

Competitive versus non-competitive antagonist curve shift

Rational structure-based design and its bottleneck

IOC-permitted drug and xenodiagnosis identification

Cool-place storage temperature range

Enteric coating purpose and regional topical absorption

Eye drop before ointment; timing drugs in lactation

Schedule H, X, G and Z drug identification

Irrational fixed-dose antitussive combination

Mandatory drug advertisement letter contents

P-glycoprotein: ABC transporter, effects and inducers

Acidic drugs bind albumin; ionisation limits diffusion

Alkaline diuresis and urinary pH ion-trapping

Macrolide CYP inhibition precipitates carbamazepine toxicity

Drug-mechanism matching and off-target adverse binding

WHO essential-medicine selection criteria

Orphan drug incentive versus orphan receptor

Half-life computed from Vd and clearance

Fall to target concentration counted in half-lives

Doubling dose leaves half-life unchanged

Loading dose set by Vd and target level, not clearance

Steady-state level from infusion rate over clearance

Suicide (mechanism-based) enzyme inhibition example

Phase I introduces functional groups; prodrug identification

Dicumarol competitively inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase

Adenylyl cyclase to cAMP to PKA sequence; Gq exception

Adrenergic agonist-antagonist pairs and adrenaline reversal

Guinea-pig ileum bioassay of drug contractility

Reverse, cross and acute tolerance distinctions

Wrong-strength label: misbranding vs counterfeit

Vial concentration converted to syringe divisions

Basis of pregnancy risk categories A to X

Teratogen to birth-defect matching errors

Therapeutic index as TD50 (or LD50) over ED50

Drugs flagged for a narrow therapeutic index