Forensic Medicine revision checklist for NEET PG, INI-CET & FMGE

Medial clavicle sternal-end fusion — the >25 year marker

Choosing the right radiograph to prove 18 years

Wrist and hand radiograph bone-age reading

Basisphenoid suture and iliac-crest fusion timing

Ossification centre age-site matching trap

Tattoo pigment persistence in regional lymph nodes

Tattooing pigments — the osmium blue exclusion

Locard's principle of exchange

Ewing's postulates — trauma-to-disease causation

Best organ for DNA extraction at autopsy

Detecting old washed-up bloodstains — luminol

Nysten's rule — rigor descends head to toe

Heat stiffening threshold and rigor exceptions

Cadaveric spasm — the conditions it accompanies

Adipocere — saponification of body fat

Marbling — greenish branching venous pattern on the image

Onset timing of marbling, adipocere and liquefaction

Mummification — the odourless dried body

Incised wound vs incised-looking laceration on the image

Abrasion subtypes — graze vs contact vs contusion

Contusion vs hesitation cuts recognition

Defence wounds on the ulnar/palmar surface

Chest-wall split with crushed margins — laceration

Blackening, tattooing and abrasion collar meaning

Contact shot — cherry-red track and skull bursting

Reading range from the wound image

Estimating range from hair around the wound

Bullet wipe, fingerprinting and the Kennedy phenomenon

Double-based smokeless gunpowder composition

Rat-hole injuries, tracer bullets and artefacts

Shotgun choking, calibre and pellet spread

Dry drowning — laryngospasm as cause of death

Antemortem drowning signs vs postmortem immersion

Diatom test — the silica-walled organism

Sea-water vs fresh-water electrolyte changes

Neck-image identification — throttling from chin/nail marks

External and internal signs pointing to throttling

Ligature strangulation vs hanging mark features

Garrotting vs bansdola and mugging

Prinsloo-Gordon artefact — a postmortem oesophageal finding

Grievous vs simple hurt criteria (BNS 116)

Hurt and assault definition sections (319/351)

Dangerous weapon injury sections (324/326)

Simple hurt punishment for stick bruise

Criminal vs civil negligence and burden of proof

Section 304-A negligence - gross standard and sentence

Borrowed servant, contributory and mal-occurrence doctrines

Statutory negligence - THO Act and HIV transmission

Transvestism and eonism - cross-dressing arousal

Exhibitionism vs streaking vs mooning

Exhibitionism prosecution - IPC 294

Piquerism and lesbianism terminology

Examination consent and refusal in minor victims

POCSO mandatory reporting - first action

POCSO aggravated penetrative assault definition

Vaginal swab timing and toluidine blue injury detection

Chronic arsenic - raindrop pigmentation, Mees lines, blackfoot

Acute arsenic treatment - dimercaprol

Arsenic exposure, exhumed-bone detection and fatal dose

Arsenic nephropathy and blackfoot metal-mimic traps

Plant seed image ID - argemone, semecarpus, nigella, coca

Active-principle matching - nerin and toxin classes

Lathyrism - beta-oxalyl-amino-alanine spastic paresis

Ergot alkaloids - St. Anthony's fire

Lethal seeds - conium and hypoglycin ackee fruit